Mamta Tahiliani , MLL Partner TET 1 5 - Hydroxymethylcytosine in Mammalian DNA by Conversion of 5 - Methylcytosine

Conversion of 5-Methylcytosine to 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Mammalian DNA by the MLL Partner TET1

Conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian DNA by MLL partner TET1.

DNA cytosine methylation is crucial for retrotransposon silencing and mammalian development. In a computational search for enzymes that could modify 5-methylcytosine (5mC), we identified TET proteins as mammalian homologs of the trypanosome proteins JBP1 and JBP2, which have been proposed to oxidize the 5-methyl group of thymine. We show here that TET1, a fusion partner of the MLL gene in acute...

Expanding the epigenetic landscape: novel modifications of cytosine in genomic DNA.

Methylation of the base cytosine in DNA is critical for silencing endogenous retroviruses, regulating gene expression, and establishing cellular identity, and has long been regarded as an indelible epigenetic mark. The recent discovery that the ten eleven translocation (TET) proteins can oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) resulting in the formation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other oxidiz...

The Behaviour of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Bisulfite Sequencing

BACKGROUND We recently showed that enzymes of the TET family convert 5-mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in DNA. 5-hmC is present at high levels in embryonic stem cells and Purkinje neurons. The methylation status of cytosines is typically assessed by reaction with sodium bisulfite followed by PCR amplification. Reaction with sodium bisulfite promotes cytosine deamination, whereas 5-methylc...

TET Family of Dioxygenases: Crucial Roles and Underlying Mechanisms.

DNA methylation plays an important role in the epigenetic regulation of mammalian gene expression. TET (ten-eleven translocation) proteins, newly discovered demethylases, have sparked great interest since their discovery. TET proteins catalyze 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine in 3 consecutive Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)-dependent oxidati...